It is grown mainly cereals (wheat, barley, maize), potato, sugar beet; technical crops flax and oilseed rape. Importance and hop cultivation, horticulture and viticulture. The basis of livestock production is the breeding of cattle, pigs and poultry, as well as beekeeping or freshwater fish farming (mainly carp).

The industry generates 35% of the gross product of the Czech economy. The main industrial centers are Prague, Brno, Ostrava, Plzen and Mlada Boleslav. The main industry in the Czech Republic include chemical, engineering, metallurgical and food. Other important sectors are energy industries, construction and production of consumer goods. Less important sectors are armaments industry and such. Glass industry, which of course has a long tradition in the Czech Republic.

Of great importance, especially for export, has the automotive industry. Largest car manufacturer Škoda Auto.

The key raw materials mined in the Czech Republic include black and brown coal, continued kaolin, clay, graphite, limestone and other construction materials. Uranium is located near the village of Dolni Rožínka. In a small extent in South Moravia crude-oil and natural gas, but a greater volume of these raw materials are imported from Russia. Since a third of the country is covered by forests, timber belongs also to export article.